at the moulin rouge influence

19-27) (Jacob Wrestling with the Angel). Catalogue of The Birch Bartlett Collection (1929), pp. 2,226, This story has been shared 1,709 times. The film tells the story of a soulful poet and writer, Christian, who falls in love with the beautiful courtesan and star of Paris famous Moulin Rouge cabaret, Satine. The camera holds on the actor as he quietly finds . The other dancer is learning the can-can steps. 52, ill. Diane Kelder, The Great Book of French Impressionism (New York, 1980) p. 290. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, At the Moulin Rouge, The Dance, 1890, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Take a look back at 10 musicals that have had a lasting influence on fashion, . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Jacques-Louis David's most prodigious student was Eugne Delacroix., Pierre-Auguste Renoir, a(n) _____ artist, was primarily interested in the effect of light as it played across the surface of objects., _____'s theory of art was illustrated in Vision after the Sermon (Fig. Title: At the Moulin Rouge: La Goulue and Her Sister. Physically unable to take part in many activities, Toulouse-Lautrec immersed himself in the arts from an early age. 159-160. hit cinemas 15 years today at the Cannes Film Festival. Paintings in the Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, 1961), p. 454. is certainly no exception. some royalties. was the movie musicals of the . Even the faces of the women, who I assume are hospitality girls, as is normal in a . 1171-1172, fig, 7.87. Moulin Rouge! The Moulin Rouge is a living legend that was built over the decades. Many people in the background were people who the artist knew personally, 6. In addition to his growing alcoholism, Toulouse-Lautrec also frequented prostitutes. is a particularly rich text, informed just as much by grand musical traditions of the stage as it is popular movie musicals. National Gallery, Washington, D.C., Toulouse-Lautrec and Montmartre, March 20-June 12, 2005, cat. He developed an adult-sized torso while retaining his child-sized legs. So, what are you waiting for? Its founders wanted to create a place dedicated to entertainment for a diverse public and the fact that it was located in Pariss 18th district (a fashionable but still quite rural area at the time), allowed the cabaret to quickly acquire a solid reputation that would in turn inspire international artists like Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and Auguste Renoir. marked Broadways first big jukebox style musical, but Moulin Rouge! The Art Institute of Chicago, A Century of Progress Exhibition of Paintings and Sculpture, June 1-November 1, 1934, cat. But its more than just the music that connects Moulin Rouge! Henri Marie Raymond de Toulouse-Lautrec-Monfa (1864 1901), also known as Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, was a French painter, printmaker, caricaturist, and illustrator whose immersion in the colorful and theatrical life of Paris in the late 19th century. The Art Institute of Chicago, A Century of Progress Exhibition of Paintings and Sculpture, June 1-November 1, 1933, cat. Charles Stuckey, Toulouse-Lautrec: Paintings, exh. Sign up and get your dose of art history delivered straight to your inbox! Education | THE MOULIN ROUGE The Moulin Rouge was a glitzy nightclub that opened in 1889. Luckily it didnt stay there because the original version of the Moulin Rouge burned to the ground in 1915, including the red windmill that made it so famous. Full-time art history fanatic. It is difficult, if not nearly impossible, to capture Lautrecs fascination for the Moulin Rouge in only a few words. 427. J. J. Sweeny, La Peinture Franaise Moderne a lInstitute des Beaux-Art de Chicago, Cahiers dArt 7 (1932), p. 336. Put on some music and dance! Paris Moulin Rouge Cabaret Show with Champagne Only or Dinner. Singer May Milton peers out from the right edge of the painting, her face harshly lit and acid green. They're all obviously a little bit drunk, but they look very 68. . Viewing the film-inspired Broadway musical instead may leave fans more satisfied. Satines character is what truly connects the classic tragedies of live performance art to the dazzle of cinematic musicals, by reaching out to Hollywoods own sparkling diamond and illustrating the steep price performers paid. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec has been associated with the Moulin Rouge since its opening in 1889: the owner of the legendary nightclub bought the artist's Equestrienne as a decoration for the foyer. Design 53 (January 1952), p. 102 (ill. only). Moulin Rouge!, based on the 2001 film, opened on Broadway in 2019 following a Boston tryout. If nothing else, Lautrec had rhythm, flair, and style. Modern physicians attribute his condition to an unknown genetic disorder, sometimes known as Toulouse-Lautrec Syndrome. Object information is a work in progress and may be updated as new research findings emerge. Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum, Cent Ans de Peinture Franaise, April-May 1928. Lin-Manuel Miranda used these exact same kinds of musical mashups in crafting Hamilton. 14-15, fig. French, 1864-1901. The Art Institute of Chicago: 100 Masterpieces (Chicago, 1978), pp. 20. The three movies are not connected through narrative threads, but rather styling and homage. "Moulin Rouge," which is having its Los Angeles premiere at the Hollywood Pantages Theatre, is a musical of extremes. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. of interesting conversation happening between them. Her songs, a, cest Paris ! Robert Rey, LExposition Toulouse-Lautrec, Les Annales (April 15 1931), p. 377. Stream It Or Skip It: Tonight Youre Sleeping With Me on Netflix, a Dull, Passionless Polish Rom-Dram, Stream It Or Skip It: 'Disconnect: The Wedding Planner' on Netflix, A Nollywood Rom-Com, Stream It Or Skip It: 'A Sunday Affair' on Netflix, a Lukewarm Nollywood Love-Triangle Drama, Stream It or Skip It: 'Welcome to Valentine' on Hallmark, Where a CEO-In-Waiting Makes the Mistake of Driving a Classic Car through a Small Town, Stream It Or Skip It: 'A Whole Lifetime with Jamie Demetriou' On Netflix, Always Looking On The Awkward Side Of Life, Where Was A Man Called Otto Filmed? The Moulin Rouge was founded in 1889 by Joseph Oller (1839-1922) and Charles Zidler (1831-1897). separates us from this room, but it also allows our eye in. The Moulin Rouge show at 9 pm and the dinners are very popular and the tickets sell out very quickly. This is most evident in the films early cabaret numbers, where the Moulin Rouge dancers swirl about the dance floor in a lush display of kicks and can-can skirts. Cha-U-Kao soon became one of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrecs favorite models. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, At the Moulin Rouge, The Dance, 1890, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, PA, USA. But none of this would matter if Moulin Rouge! Pittsburgh, Carnegie Institute, A Survey of French Painting, April-May 1936, cat. On its opening weekend in the U.S., the film grossed $167,540 in its May 2001 limited release. after dark, specifically the clubs that existed on Monte Martre, the hill just north of Paris, where artists would mingle How did that happen? 435-438 (ill.). That means that a lot of the themes and techniques thrown into Moulin Rouge!s cinematic melange would get their pop culture due (and more respect) in the decades to come. What We Know About Her Continued 'Today Show' Absence, Drew Barrymore and Ross Mathews Disgusted After Guy Fieri Feeds Them Spray Cheese on 'The Drew Barrymore Show', 'Jeopardy!' The musical, starring Nicole Kidman and Ewan McGregor, had everything from modern music, two star-crossed lovers and an epic stage show of grand proportions. Moulin Rouge!, with its color and splendor, also evokes the aquatic fantasies of Esther Williams in Million Dollar Mermaid. Look at those faces! New York, Century Club, Post-Impressionist Painting, February-April 1949. To help improve this record, please email . We actually see him Paris, Grand Palais, Trente ans dArt Indpendant, 1926, cat. cat. "He was really interested in Paris at the turn of the century, and he was really . In 2016, were accustomed to digesting a lot of information in quick flashes. This allows us to identify the male dancer as Valentin le Dsoss or Valentin the Boneless, the stage name of Jacques Renaudin (1843-1926). The Moulin Rouge's reputation drew numerous artists onto its infamous stage. 8. T. Squire, Toulouse-Lautrec Au Moulin Rouge, Theatre Arts Monthly 22 (June 1938), pp. Love is when the desire to be desired takes you so badly that you feel you could die of it. Esther is the object of fantasy as she floats through a gaggle of elegant swimmers, embodying her title of Neptunes Gorgeous Daughter., Before we leave the 1950s, it would be a disservice not to point you to the. On a more intimate character note, it is impossible to watch Satine without recalling the tragic beauty of Marilyn Monroe. Museums website. (Paris: Muse dOrsay; RMN Grand Palaise, 2019), 110, 112-13 cat. Toulouse-Lautrec sketched Cha-u-Kao with her partner, and these sketches would be included in his portfolio, Elles. Her partner was Gabrielle the Dancer, another performer and model for Toulouse-Lautrec. At the beginning, the Moulin Rouge would throw champagne-filled parties during which famous dancers performed. In an instant the movie-musical was reborn, as our ears were immersed in a new style of . The film features spell-binding performances from Nicole Kidman and Ewan McGregor (the latter of which was totally robbed an Oscar nomination). Moulin Rouge, Daily Mail (February 3, 1961), ill. Guggenheim Museum: Thannhauser Collection (New York, 1992), n. p., ill. Connaissance des Arts, special number on Toulouse-Lautrec (1992), pp. Included in the background is a self-portrait of the artist in profile. Visiting the Art Galleries, Arts-Dcorations 30 (November 1928), p. 67 (ill.). Although he had a regular and comfortable income from his family, making banners offered him a living of his own. Its also one of the most famous ones together with the work titled At the Moulin Rouge, a painting that is part of the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago. 6. The largest inspiration for Moulin Rouge! The film also offers a major nod to the wide genre of Bollywood. De David Toulouse-Lautrec dans les Collections et Muses Americains, Art et Style 34 (1955). The particulars of Satines tragic death, the love story between her and Christian, and the plights of the side characters shown through the romanticized bohemian lens are straight out of the Opera 101 textbook. ? What he meant was is that Luhrmann was one of the first big white maledirectors who wanted to combine the exuberance of Bollywood with Western storytelling. cat. 18). If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. When it first opened, Lautrec was commissioned to create posters for the cabaret. It took a decade before the new venue was established and the cabaret opened its doors once again in 1925, right in the middle of the Roaring Twenties. Direct link to Jonathan Gracey's post At 1:51, Dr. Harris says , Posted 8 years ago. Medium: Oil on canvas. She is the newest addition to the cabaret dance group. Toulouse-Lautrec populated At the Moulin Rouge with portraits of the legendary nightclubs regulars, including himselfthe diminutive figure in the center backgroundaccompanied by his cousin, physician Gabriel Tapi de Cleyran. Paris, Muse dOrsay, Splendour and Misery, Images of prostitution in France, 1850-1910 < Splendeurs & misres, Images de la prostitution, 1850-1910> September 21, 2015-June 19, 2016. 42. from. 4. Female: That woman is a famous performer as is the woman with the red Lautrec began this canvasone of the largest and most ambitious of his careershortly after . Sand Dunes at Sunset, Atlantic City is a masterpiece of Black art and history. Frank Milner, Toulouse-Lautrec (New York, 1992), pp. is an essential text for culture lovers of all stripes. Christian is a young English writer. The film "A Night at the Moulin Rouge" (1951) is a film (also known as Ding Dong!) The World. Those who love it swoon about its cheesy romantic abandon and those who hate it find it messy and childish. 94-95, ill. Gale B. Murray, Toulouse-Lautrec: A Retrospective (New York, 1992), pl. The result? There is this quality of caricature, yet at the same time, there's also a kind of sensitivity He remains to this day an influential figure in advertising and book illustration. Luhrmann bridges the gap between the cinematic experience and the theatrical by dedicating each film to a particular tradition and motif of live theatre. Located at the foot of Montmartre, in the 18th Arrondissement of Paris, the Moulin Rouge is one of the top tourist attractions of Paris at night.. Woven together, these disparate musical styles create an language of sonic iconography. 4. In 2001 Baz and his creative (and life) partner, Catherine "CM" Martin, created one of the most revolutionary moments in cinema history the Australian film Moulin Rouge! A celebration of love and creative inspiration takes place in the infamous, gaudy and glamorous Parisian nightclub, at the cusp of the 20th century. Female: Electric lights were new to the Moulin Rouge. Baz Luhrmann's revolutionary film comes to life onstage, remixed in a new musical mash-up extravaganza. 54, pl. Twenty years ago, Baz Luhrmann ambitiously sought to resurrect the movie musicals of eras past. Look at the workd of celebrated comedy auteur Edgar Wright. The Moulin Rouge Paris, is the world's most famous cabaret, with more than 130 years of history. played with how pop and Broadwaycould intersect in a way that enhanced the impact of both styles. served as an unconventional entry point to the world of musicals. Here's everything you need to know about "The Grinch . here in the background. Dinner and Show Tickets. Unfortunately, Toulouse-Lautrec was mocked for his short stature and physical appearance, which led him to abuse alcohol. Paris, Muse de lOrangerie, De David a Toulouse-Lautrec, Chefs dOeuvres des Collections Americaines, April-July 1955, cat. 19 (ill). These films featured classic Hollywood staples like bombshell leads, swoon-worthy romance set to song, and show-stopping musical numbers. It is one of a number of works by Toulouse-Lautrec depicting the Moulin Rouge cabaret built in Paris in 1889. group by that balustrade, and he's created a sense The cabaret with its bar also became a sort of well-known theatrical stage where performing was a privilege. He is clearly busy conversing with a woman. She has her back turned to us, facing the dancers. Herbert Asmodi, Toulouse-LautrecMoulin-Rouge (1956), pl. (The Courtauld Gallery, 2011), p. 11, p. 72-72, cat. . Richard R. Brettell, Post-Impressionists (Chicago, 1987), p. 45, ill. Master Paintings in the Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, 1988), p. 70. In 2001, this was a lot for some people to handle. The third act sets the show-within-a-show in India. Few people in the world are instantly recognizable by their first name alone, but Baz Luhrmann is certainly that kind of legend. Ten years after a disastrous fire in 1915 that would destroy the Moulin Rouge, the theatre was rebuilt. It was completed shortly after the Moulin Rouge opened its doors, 2. The result? Parisians from all walks of life mingled at the lively nightclub, which spared seats for everyone, regardless of class. Paul Sescau, 1894, photograph of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec,Muse Toulouse-Lautrec, Albi, France. 172-172, ill. Richard Thompson, Toulouse-Lautrec (London, 1977), p. 68, ill. Lopera completa di Toulouse-Lautrec (Milan, 1977), p.106, no. The Musical. The musical styling of the film mirrors how original Hollywood musicals would model themselves after the popular music of the day. Stphane Gugan, Toulouse-Lautrec: Rsolument modern, exh. One of the most famous of these images is Au Moulin Rouge, one of few large paintings produced by the . I'm not sure that I've ever seen something quite this grotesque. Bec is an art nerd, bicycle enthusiast, cat mom, artist/crafter/maker from sunny Toronto, Canada. It is difficult, if not nearly impossible, to capture Lautrecs fascination for the Moulin Rouge in only a few words. Director Baz Luhrmanns work is marked by the word enthusiasm. His worldview is marked by earnest hope and a voracious appetite for culture. a kind of permissiveness. Like Marilyn, Satine dreams of being an artist and a great actress. Many of his artworks depict scenes from the Moulin Rouge of people talking, dancing, and having fun. Satine dreams of being a great actress. Both the 1952 and 2001 versions of the film indulge in the decadent melodrama of live theatre. The Moulin Rouge . Medium: Lithograph printed in six colors on wove paper; second state of two 6. Twenty years later, the film still holds a prominent place in the hearts of many film lovers. Some art critics believe this was Lautrecs father. The nightclub was one of Lautrecs favorite subjects to paint. Direct link to Walks on the Clouds's post Those faces! For more than 120 years, the Moulin Rouge has been one of the nerve centers of Montmartre. Fort Worth, Tex., Kimbell Museum of Art, The Impressionists: Master Paintings from the Art Institute of Chicago, June 29November 2, 2008, cat. Today, the Moulin Rouge is a tourist attraction, offering musical dance entertainment for visitors worldwide. Get GCSE Moulin Rouge Coursework, Essay & Homework assistance including assignments fully Marked by Teachers and Peers. 21, no. . 133, 234, 258, pl. Pierre du Colombier, Toulouse-Lautrec (1953), pl. The male dancer has been identified as a famous French can-can dancer. [2] Art critic Jonathan Jones calls the painting a masterpiece, and writes "the scene is somehow more exotic and more exciting than any recreation [of the Moulin Rouge, or Montmartre] in popular culture."[3]. enchanted audiences and critics alike upon its release. 685. The prolific artist also produced 737 paintings, many in the Post-Impressionist style that was popular at the time. no. It was the second of several paintings by the artist which depicts the Moulin Rouge. An Esther Williams production feels vast, on the merits of the massive swimming pool set pieces and the coordination of talented performers alongside one magnetic star. Artist: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (French, Albi 1864-1901 Saint-Andr-du-Bois) Printer: Edward Ancourt (French, 19th century) Publisher: Boussod, Valadon and Co. (Paris) Date: 1892. However, her outfit shows her ankles what scandalous attire for the period! At the Moulin Rouge: The Dance is an oil on canvas painting that has dimensions of 115.6 149.9 centimeters (45.51 59.02 inches). Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec has been associated with the Moulin Rouge since its opening in 1889: the owner of the legendary nightclub bought the artists Equestrienne as a decoration for the foyer. 145. 5-6 (ill.). Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, At the Moulin Rouge, 1893-95, oil on canvas, 48-1/2 x 55-1/2 inches (123 x 141 cm) (Art Institute of Chicago) Dancer La Goulue arranges her hair behind the table where Jane Avril, another famous performer, socializes. Those faces! At the Moulin Rouge: The Dance. Among the well-known works that he painted for the Moulin Rouge and other Parisian nightclubs are famous singers and dancers depictions. Toulouse-Lautrec made many paintings of Weber, a star performer known for . This article about a nineteenth-century painting is a stub. The performance is a display of Bollywood-inspired dance, song, and design. His legs ceased to grow so that as an adult, he was extremely short (1.42 m or 4 ft 8 in). Marilyn was eventually consumed by an industry that demanded so much from her, and Satines death works in parallel. New York, M. Knoedler & Co., A Century of French Painting, 1928, cat. Gnies et Ralits, Toulouse-Lautrec (1962), pp. (Hayward Gallery, London, 1991-1992), pp. But within the context of this homage to 50s musicals and Hollywood glamor, Marilyn stands above the rest. , and the spectacle of opera in general, also inform, On a more intimate character note, it is impossible to watch Satine without recalling the tragic beauty of, Nicolas Cage Is Ready for a DRACULA Movie, Watch a HOMEWARD BOUND Fan Theory Crush Jonathan Majors, Doc and Marty Return in BACK TO THE FUTURE THE MUSICAL, SCREAM VI Featurette Promises Most Ruthless, Athletic Ghostface Ever, PETER PAN & WENDY Trailer Gives Us the Gift of Jude Law as Captain Hook, The SPIRITED AWAY Play Heads to Movie Theaters in America This Spring, SUPER MARIO BROS. Trailer Offers Princess Peach and Many Game References. The Musical at Broadway at the Hobby is loaded with sex, love, songs and dance. is a film that runs out and embraces the thrilling, giddy, nonsensical genre whole-heartedly. The Moulin Rouge is located in the Pigalle district, at the very bottom of Montmartre.If you're planning a visit to the Moulin Rouge, then the closest Paris Metro Station to get off at is Blanche Station on Metro Line 2. Suddenly, the Paris art scene became aware of him, and before he even turned 30, he had designed a poster for the Moulin Rouge, effectively cementing himself as a major talent. , Il ma vue nue and On msuit , sung with Jean Gabin, are all inseparable from the Moulin Rouge. Art Institute of Chicago, Loan Exhibition of Paintings, Drawings, Prints and Posters by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, December 23, 1930-January 18, 1931, cat. Lautrec animated this painting with lively imagery and a quirky color scheme. Baz Luhrmann wrote and directed the film, thatin addition to Kidman and McGregorfeatures an all-star cast including John Leguizamo, Jim Broadbent, and Richard Roxburgh. 6,654, This story has been shared 4,918 times. Included in the background is a self-portrait of the artist in profile. 261. Moulin Rouge!'s influence on cinema doesn't stop with our recent obsession with roadrunner-paced editing and pop culture references. there's a kind of kindness, for instance, in the man who's seated with a top hat closest to us. The Musical," dominated the 2021 Tony Awards on Sunday. The film received eight Academy Award nominations (winning two) and features on several greatest films lists. Her other interests include global politics, music, and philosophy. bookmark. Rodolfo Palluchini, LArt Institute di Chicago, LIllustrazione del Medico 33 (February 1966), pp. It shows the diverse kinds of activities done in the Moulin Rogue; however, it seems to lack the glamour and fanciness of a typical night club. Paul Rosenberg [according to Dortu 1971]. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was among the first customers of the Moulin Rouge, a Montmartre nightclub boasting nightly performances of the cancan (or chahut, a French dance involving a series of titillating high kicks). An Esther Williams production feels vast, on the merits of the massive swimming pool set pieces and the coordination of talented performers alongside one magnetic star. When Will 'Jesus Revolution' Movie Be Streaming? 118-119, no. Even in Degas' work, he's often rendering ballet dancers, for Let's say you want to take your significant other out for a Parisian experience that is a step up from chatting over a caf noisette while people watching. A young poet (Ewan McGregor), who . His father, Alphonse, le Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec, and mother . Satine is such a quintessentially tragic figure that it is easy to project any tragic heroine of opera or the stage onto her. II, pp. His mother and father were first cousins, his grandmothers were sisters, and unfortunately, he suffered from congenital health conditions sometimes attributed to a family history of inbreeding. 4,076, This story has been shared 2,460 times. The can-cans popularity became such that Avril traveled with a dance troupe to perform in London in 1896. Women dance the can-can to Fatboy Slim. It looks like fun. 32. Like Luhrmann, Wright is fond of using quick cuts and pop cultural references to build his cinematic world. Four Bohemian values underlying the story of Moulin Rouge, a famous cabaret in France in the early 1900s that has since been dramatized on film and, more recently, on Broadway as a stage production called Moulin Rouge! captures the magic of song and the bombast of stage musicals. We love art history and writing about it. Moulin Rouge! and drinking and music. Title: At the Moulin Rouge. The lady is painted in profile, with her eyes cast down. Barcelona, Palacio de Bellas Artes, Salon des Artistes Franais, 1917, cat. Julia Frey, Toulouse-Lautrec: A Life (London, 1994). Please note that Toulouse-Lautrec, At the Moulin Rouge (1928.610) was not in Amsterdam, Van Gogh Museum, same exhibition but title Easy Virtue. More importantly, shes seeking the sanctuary of love. Jane Avril (1868 - 1943) was a French can-can dancer made famous by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec through his paintings. Other artists looked down on the work, but he ignored them. The painting once hung above the bar of the cabaret it depicts. 52. At some point, the artist or his dealer cut down the canvas to remove Milton, perhaps because her strange appearance made the work hard to sell. Baz Luhrmann wrote and directed the film, thatin addition to Kidman and McGregorfeatures an all-star cast including John Leguizamo, Jim Broadbent, and Richard Roxburgh. 5. 1,649, This story has been shared 1,409 times. What? Direct link to Ellen B Cutler's post At the cafe-club called t, Posted 8 years ago. The four-color lithograph was made to advertise the dance hall, drawing inspiration from trendy Japanese woodblock prints. H. E. Schnackenberg, New York Exhibitions, The Arts 7 (1925), p. 159 (ill.). Moulin Rouge is best known as the birthplace of the modern form of the can-can dance. Its about a strange young man who has the magical ability to channel pop music lyrics from the future like some kind of prophet. Art Institute of Chicago, Annual Report (1928), ill. Franois Fosca, Lautrec, Les Albums dArt Druet (1928), p. 1, ill. Morton Dauwen Zabel, An American Gallery of Modern Painting, Art and Archaeology 26 (December 1928), p. 236, ill. Paul de Lapparent, Toulouse-Lautrec, Masters of Modern Art (New York, 1928), pp. The painting hung at the Moulin Rouge between 1890 and 1893 before it was acquired by a Parisian art dealer. She has her back turned to us, facing the dancers. Douglas Cooper, H. de Toulouse-Lautrec (New York, 1955), p. 97, ill. Art Institute of Chicago Quarterly 49 (April 1955), p. 30, ill. Art Institute of Chicago, A Brief Guide to the Collections (Chicago, 1956), p. 36, ill. P. Courthion, Le gout de notre tempsMontmartre (Lausanne, 1956), p. 63. The book itself describes Alexander Hamilton as Eminem meets Sweeney Todd. And dont get us started with how Moulin Rouge!

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