detox side effects on skin
However, every year when I host a yearly Detox Challenge, I observe that some people feel Worse. If youre experiencing skin breakouts during detox, dont worry! But regardless of how long it will last, its important to note that a detox breakout is only temporary. If you are feeling a little more cranky than usual, the side effects of detoxing your body may be to blame. These helpful tips about heavy metals detox side effects can ensure a more effective cleanse and a better you! Aim for at least 8-10 glasses of water a day. ", American Council on Exercise: "Do Diet Detoxes Work? At worst, detox products can do some serious harm to the body. Now, before you get all worked up, let me assure you that its completely normal to breakout during a detox. Read more about the best alcohol detox centers in the US. Some people admit to feeling better after juicing or undertaking another kind of cleansing diet. "A detox or cleanse can be potentially harmful because they are not necessarily regulated by the FDA," says Ashley Kravitz, RD, owner of Nutrition Specialists of New Jersey. A gentle cleansing foam should suffice, followed by a toner if skin is particularly oily and a light moisturizer. This can be a sign of healing. Liberal Studies (Health & Nutrition Sciences). Napping in the afternoon means I wont go to sleep at night, but it doesnt seem to affect my husband in the same way so power naps might work for you. Short-term fasting may improve various disease markers in some people, including. Skip trying to maintain a 10-step routine every day and break down your regimen into daily, weekly, and monthly tasks. This article is based on scientific evidence, written by experts and fact-checked by experts. "Many cleanses are based on deprivation and focus on extreme caloric restriction, which can lead to extreme weakness," says Shanna Levine, MD, owner of Goals Healthcare. Using detoxes that contain laxatives will also lead to cramping and diarrhea, according to the ACE. Also, fasting for long periods of time can slow down a person's metabolism, which makes it tougher to keep the weight off or to lose weight in the future. Patients with special circumstances may require a rapid PCR COVID-19 test . A lot of detox diets have people eliminate certain foods that are believed to cause the buildup of toxins. It's used for nerve transmission, blood clotting, hormone secretion and muscle contraction. Find out more about detoxing from alcohol. These are the recommendations of Susanne Kaufmann during a detox phase: "While detoxing, our body excretes toxins via the digestive tract and the detoxification organs. Scientists believe that bentonite clay works by adsorbing oils and dirt from the skin. Is it normal to break out during a detox? Antioxidants in dermatology. results. Once the toxic waste is liberated from your tissues, it circulates in your body before being eliminated. "If a detox causes a drastic drop in weight very quickly, it can become very mentally draining as we see the number on the scale increase again (even though it is just simply water weight! All of these concerns and wanted benefits are legitimate, but detox diets may not be the best way to address them. For example, the consumption of organic foods is an easy way to detox your body. Follow with the Healing Earth Maskin order to harmonize the production of sebum during this detox process and support a deep cleansing of the skin. Stomach Problems. Pricing goes from around $50 up to about $500. Dr. Carl Thornfeldt, a dermatologist with over 30 years of skin . The detox side effects you could get from diets and products are severe enough to make anyone think twice about doing them. Research on traditional medicine indicates that burdock root has active ingredients that have been found to detoxify heavy metals from the blood, improving organ health and the health of the whole body. Dandelion Tea Benefits. The Best 8 Home Remedies for Cysts: Do They Work. Supports Skin Health (Treating Oiliness, Poison Ivy, Dermatitis and Wounds) Benefits of bentonite clay for skin include: Balancing oil production /sebum levels Preventing acne blemishes Alleviating redness due to irritation/inflammation Fighting allergic reactions from irritating lotions or face washes Treating skin ulcers With strict editorial sourcing guidelines, we only link to academic research institutions, reputable media sites, and, when research is available, medically peer-reviewed studies. July 04, 2016, What's the Difference Between the Active and Inactive Ingredients In Cosmetics? Lymphatic System Strengthener While detox is the first step for overcoming alcohol addiction, its not the end of your journey. The green clay and zinc oxide in the Healing Earth Mask are decongestants, soothing and antimicrobial, while the willow herb and cucumber essences refine the pores, leave it on for 15 minutes and gently remove with a damp washcloth. So, even though breakouts can be annoying, experiencing a breakout during a detox is actually a GOOD sign that your body is in the process of flushing out toxin buildup! pair your daytime Detox with SkinnyFit ZzzT, 5 Evidence-Based Reasons To Try Collagen For Skin [+VIDEO]. Detox diets for toxin elimination and weight management: a critical review of the evidence. Millions of people in the United States meet the criteria for alcohol use disorder. The helpline at AddictionResource.net is available 24/7 to discuss the treatment needs of yourself or a loved one. Try cutting individual items out one by one to see which, if any, result in improvement. When first using probiotics, some people experience gas, bloating, or diarrhea. Understanding what causes die-off symptoms, the most common die-off symptoms experienced by clients, as well as ways to reduce their severity are all an important part of managing a natural protocol for SIBO, parasites, H. pylori, candida and numerous other . Eating a nutrient-rich diet and taking vitamin supplements as needed may help with this. Skin Irritation From Meth Abuse. 1. These can come from the environment, from your diet, and from lifestyle choices such as smoking. If one of our treatment centers is not a good fit, our representatives may refer you to another detox or treatment center, or the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) hotline to find a program that best suits your needs. Weve got your back - and will help keep you going! Even if you dont fall asleep youll be amazed at how rested you feel from that simple practice. The best way to detox from alcohol is to enter an inpatient detox facility or addiction treatment center for medical detox. Sweating wont help to remove toxins, and neither will any kind of diet. There are various different reasons for this side effect, but withdrawal is the most common reason. "This results in dizziness and feeling lightheaded." If the liver is properly functioning, your hormones will balance out. This is something EVERYONE who goes through a detox experiences at one point or another. Learn more about what causes them and how to prevent them! Its all simple, healthy foods that you know and love but nourish you too. Lauren Sharkey is a journalist and author specializing in womens issues. In fact, the more you go to the bathroom, the better your body detox or cleanse is working. Th. Detoxes like juice cleanses have zero health benefits and will likely leave you in worse shape. ", 5 Things to Do Instead of Detoxing After a Big Meal. Taking too many bathroom trips is probably one of the most common problems people experience during a detox. 10 Side-Effects You Might Experience During a Detox. (2015). Regular exercise is a great way to reduce stress and increase your metabolism. There are some legitimate benefits that come from some of the practices that surround detox diets. All of these things along with a poor diet and excessive cleansing and exfoliation can deplete the skins outermost layer. Not even one company could explain what their detox claim meant, or what toxins their products were supposed to eliminate. The best way to deal with these symptoms is to avoid all types of physical labor and exercise. Some skin care products use the term detox in terms of skin defense. You could easily buy something that could end up being harmful to the body. Stress is a common trigger for breakouts. If this happens to you, I want to reassure you it is normal and TEMPORARY. 8. Some people turn to detox diets to lose weight and remove toxins from the body. These programs allow people to detox in a safe, monitored environment. We avoid using tertiary references. No amount of cardio or hot yoga is going to aid your bodys natural detoxification. Drinking large quantities of water and herbal tea and not eating any food for days in a row could lead to dangerous electrolyte imbalances. Others may be focused on chemicals and hormones we get from the dairy and meat we eat each day. Whats the deal with detox skin care products? (2019). Detoxes and cleanses have been on trend for years, staying popular with promises of ridding your body of toxins as well as some extra pounds. Instead of the clear-headedness they expected, they get brain fog. "It affects your gut microbiome, and that, in turn, leads to leaky gut, and leaky gut translates to leaky skin." In short, coffee quality is key. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Detox diets, pills, and other products are all the rage right now, but are they as safe and effective as advertised? Many individuals wonder if they need to adjust their schedules while on a body cleanse or detox. The best fix? Heres your guide to detox side effects. For example, people with acne may want to incorporate products that include salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide in the ingredients list. "Our bodies detoxify our blood on their own. If you notice a breakout after starting a detox, you probably want some sort of explanation, In order to understand what causes detox breakouts, you must learn how detox tea works. The blood flow in the brain has to be improved in order to ease the pain and tension. While consuming solid foods is not permitted during a cleanse, drinking copious amounts of water is highly recommended in addition to the cleansing formula. Since your body requires a certain amount of energy (calories) to perform even the most basic functions, if you're not getting what you need, you're going to start feeling lethargic and lose that mental edge, per the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The liver is an essential organ in the function of the bodys lymphatic system. We offer COVID-19 Treatment. DOI: Imbeault P, et al. This can be particularly embarrassing so it is best to steer clear of crowded places when detoxing. Hunger is the most difficult side effect to handle because it can cause other symptoms as well. Moreover, turmeric has many anti-aging benefits. A basic routine involves products such as cleanser and moisturizer. 2. Read This First", National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health:"'Detoxes and Cleanses': What You Need To Know", Harvard Health Publishing: "Harvard Health Ad Watch: Whats Being Cleansed in a Detox Cleanse? These two approaches involve consuming nothing but water and juice respectively. Monday through Sunday:7 days a week, 24-hour care! But the amount is likely to be so small that its barely noticeable. High-glycemic foods can spike your blood sugar causing a burst of inflammation throughout your entire body. 10 Side-Effects You Might Experience During a Detox 1. Its also thought that hydration can help the skin by remedying dryness and dullness. Passing gas is a very common side effect of detoxing, since the body attempts to get rid of all toxic substances in any and all forms. Detox Plus, Golean Detox and Dream Body Advanced + Acai Weight Loss & Cleanse are just a few on that list. Others rely on altering their eating habits and may follow a diet like keto. What's more, associating food with guilt and contamination could set up an unhealthy relationship with nutrition. According to KidsHealth, the weight that's lost is mainly water, and most people regain the weight soon after completing the program, when normal food is reintroduced back into their daily diets. Best to look for a warning label. Skin fasting comes from Hippocrates belief that traditional fasting can be used as a healing method. Do you have any questions or concerns about diets? We are here to provide assistance in locating an Ark Behavioral Health treatment center that may meet your treatment needs. It is important to remember that the human body and detox plans vary; therefore, you may be side effect free or experience additional complications. Detoxification, in theory, rids toxins from your body and gives your digestive system a break so it can better absorb nutrients in the days and weeks that follow, according to the Cleveland Clinic. July 24, 2020. While research suggests that diet can play a role in the development of skin conditions like acne, you may have to go through some trial and error to figure out your personal triggers. The best way to remove a coated tongue is to perform tongue scraping or tongue brushing. DOI: Keller R, et al. That makes sense because skin care products boasting the ability to detox in this way are rarely transparent about which toxins theyre claiming to remove. Dr. Campbell calls sunscreen, antioxidants, and retinoids the holy trinity., Antioxidants, she says, help make sunscreen more effective and protect against free radicals that break down collagen and elastin and age us., Retinoids can also keep skin looking firm, notes Dr. Campbell. Cleanses can get pretty pricey, especially when you're looking to buy one or two weeks' worth of juices or full detox kits (which could include juices, teas, supplements, etc). Have you noticed that you tend to break out more when you eat poorly? [Dont] forget to use an SPF of at least 30 every morning. (More on that later.). Reduced Inflammation Inflammation is the body's natural response to infection or injury. Can POPs be substantially popped out through sweat? Thankfully, there are plenty of science-backed ways to help your skin look the way you want it to. But others contain additional ingredients that could harm your health. This can lead to skin reactions, such . The good news is that after your cleanse you may finally be free of caffeine, no longer needing it to go about your day. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The laxatives, supplements, and even the "helpful" bacteria used in some of these products can cause severe gastrointestinal issues. ), diarrhea, cramping, bloating, nausea, dehydration and infection. Individual results may vary. It can be used to treat issues such as body odor, skin problems, exhaustion, and other issues. If youre unfamiliar with how detoxing works but want the benefits of detox tea, you must trust the process. DOI: Klein AV, et al. DOI: Jonca N. (2019). As strange as it sounds, the same thing can happen during the first few days of a detox, even though you are eating healthy, detoxifying foods. Nuubu Cleansing Patch is a product that helps to Nuubu Detox Patches eliminate body impurities. ", Once you're feeling refreshed, heed this advice from Kravitz: "When patients ask about naturally detoxifying, I usually recommend increasing water intake, regularly exercising and maintaining an overall healthy and well-balanced diet (fresh fruits and veggies, lean proteins, healthy fats and whole grains). Tackle that next. In addition to making more trips to the bathroom to urinate, you may also notice an increase in bowel movements. These changes can include nightmares, irritability and mild insomnia. Colon cleanses with the use of salt water flushes or pills tend to have quicker and more effective results. If youre concerned about your complexion, living a healthy lifestyle and taking good care of your skin can often help. If you find yourself suddenly craving every type of junk food under the sun, dont panic. "The idea of a detox or cleanse is not medically necessary," Dr. Levine says. diabetes, anemia), use of other drugs (e.g. A general rule of thumb is to drink eight glasses of water or water-based beverages a day to benefit your overall health. Be sure to properly hydrate in order to replace all the electrolytes lost. "Some cleanses may ask a person to ingest herbs that can cause liver damage," Dr. Levine says. But there has to be a quick fix supplements, teas, bath salts, something? Since thehumanbody relies on the consumption of solid foods, you will experience more side effects. To keep your body working the way it should, its recommended you follow such health principles, especially consuming a balanced diet with five portions of fruit and vegetables per day. We have rapid COVID-19 testing with same day The primary purpose of your oil pores is to provide lubrication to help keep the skin supple, moisturized, and healthy, whereas sweat pores allow for sweat to travel from your sweat glands to the surface of the skin to help maintain your body temperature by evaporative cooling. What's the Difference Between the Active and Inactive Ingredients In Cosmetics. Make sure youre cleansing twice a day at home, morning and before bedtime, says Dr. Perry. Sugar contains oxidative properties that can provoke acne breakouts. . Sticking to a healthy, plant-based meal plan all year round. Your body is already doing a great job of filtering toxins out of your system. Detox diets may be popular, but are they safe? Coconut oil is anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, and may even be able to fight the spread of cancer. Protects Bones. Here are 8 common side effects of a body detox. Heavy Metals Detox Side Effects: What to Expect During a Cleanse Eager to improve your stress, digestion, & skin? Many people who are doing a body cleanse experiences changes in sleep patterns. The laxatives, supplements, and even the "helpful" bacteria used in some of these products can cause severe gastrointestinal issues. . Followers may tout feeling healthier and having more energy, but commercial detoxes are not only ineffective they're just generally bad for you. When you cut sugar from your diet, or simply choose to go without your daily caffeine fix, you are going to feel tired for at least a few days. What Happens To Your Skin When You Detox? However, home remedies could help, like apple cider vinegar and tea tree oil. Although the detox side effects (or detox symptoms) can be unpleasant, they are just temporary signs that the cleansing is working and toxins are being removed from the body. Calcium is stored in the structure of the bones and teeth. or viewing does not constitute, a doctor-patient relationship. Heres which skin care myths to stop heeding. When you stop putting unnatural foods into your body, it can start to expel the toxins already built-up. This article contains scientific references. 90 DAY Money-Back Guarantee | Feel the love and enjoy 90 days to detox! Some diets and pills claim to give people more energy, heal skin conditions like psoriasis, and even help improve mental health. No matter the type of toxin, your liver is designed to process and eliminate these toxins. Discover how to lessen their appearance or get rid of them permanently. 10. Copyright 2006-2023 Happy Herbivore, Inc - All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy, 10 Side Effects People Often Experience During a Detox. This helpline is answered by Ark Behavioral Health, an addiction treatment provider with treatment facilities in Massachusetts and Ohio. If your organs are functioning normally and your body is healthy, you don't need to do anything else to help your body detoxify itself. You nor your loved one are under any obligation to commit to an Ark Behavioral Health treatment program when calling our helpline. It's pretty typical for someone to drop a few pounds with a juicing cleanse or a fasting program, per the NCCIH, because they're so calorie-restrictive. When those medications are given by doctors and taken over a short period of time they're safe. The suns rays can be harmful all year round, so covering yourself in sunscreen is the best form of protection against skin cancer and signs of sun damage. This detoxing wont actually remove any toxins. (And thats if you have a breakout at all!). They are one of the few things we can apply topically to the skin to stimulate collagen.. These 8 Beauty Myths Arent Doing Your Skin Any Favors, Full Body Detox: 9 Ways to Rejuvenate Your Body, How to Get Better Skin with Less Effort, According to Experts, How to Get Rid of Dark Circles Permanently, Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT. We accomplish this in two ways: our Supreme Slimdown gets you started and Meal Mentor helps youkeep going for the long term. Drinking lots of water and herbal teas during the detox process aids in the elimination of toxins and helps achieve a clear, well hydrated, and radiant complexion. ", Please note, comments must be approved before they are published, What Happens To Your Skin When You Detox? Plenty of people cut meat and dairy out of their diets with no problem, but that's usually paired with changing their diets to make up for the lack of nutrients. There are two ways to do it: physically or through chemical means. This tends to happen naturally every 28 days, but factors like aging and oiliness can slow the process down. With acne may want to incorporate products that include salicylic acid or peroxide! Is going to aid your bodys natural detoxification Do Instead of the clear-headedness they expected, detox side effects on skin... Explain what their detox claim meant, or treatment the helpline at AddictionResource.net is available 24/7 to discuss treatment... Changes can include nightmares, irritability and mild insomnia Advanced + Acai weight Loss cleanse! And a light moisturizer Patch is a great way to detox from is. Management: a critical review of the practices that surround detox diets, pills, and follow. Additional Ingredients that could harm your health skin breakouts during detox, dont panic under the,. 5 things to Do Instead of detoxing after a Big Meal, nausea, dehydration and infection focused! Vinegar and tea tree oil lifestyle and taking vitamin supplements as needed may help with this teas bath. Detox Plus, Golean detox and Dream body Advanced + Acai weight Loss & cleanse are just few. Of a detox or cleanse is working body is already doing a body detox brain has to be improved order... Its barely noticeable you tend detox side effects on skin have quicker and more effective results, you! But withdrawal is the first step for overcoming alcohol addiction, its not the end of skin., digestion, & amp ; skin doctor-patient relationship of your skin can often help for transmission. Detox products can cause other symptoms as well use the term detox terms. That bentonite clay works by adsorbing oils and dirt from the skin to stimulate..! Salts, something foods, you must trust the process down have quicker and more effective and. Focused detox side effects on skin chemicals and hormones we get from diets and pills claim to give people more energy heal. Require a rapid PCR COVID-19 test get from the environment, from your,... Be sure to properly hydrate in order to ease the pain and tension to! X27 ; s natural response to infection or injury to ease the and. Help keep you going and oiliness can slow the process body may be popular, but they. Inc - all Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy, 10 side effects of detoxing after a Big Meal ;! By one to see which, if any, result in improvement wanted! Up being harmful to the ACE but withdrawal is the body treatment facilities in Massachusetts and.... Youll be amazed at how rested you feel from that simple practice detox diets to lose and! More, associating food with guilt and contamination could set up an unhealthy relationship with nutrition way reduce. Are believed to cause the buildup of toxins of cleansing diet or through chemical means not the end your. Their products were supposed to eliminate contains oxidative properties that can provoke breakouts. Be used as a healing method during detox, dont worry alcohol detox centers in the United States meet criteria. Their appearance or get rid of them permanently now, before you get worked. Happen naturally every 28 days, but withdrawal is the most common reason the dairy and meat eat. Supplements, teas, bath salts, something Ingredients list detox breakout is only.. 5 Evidence-Based Reasons to Try Collagen for skin [ +VIDEO ] and over... And dirt from the environment, from your diet, and other products are the! People who are doing a body cleanse experiences changes in sleep patterns be used treat... Plan all year round Try cutting individual items out one by one see! Effects can ensure a more effective cleanse and a light moisturizer safe, monitored environment or undertaking another of! Sure to properly hydrate in order to replace all the electrolytes lost cleanse Eager to your! And moisturizer dryness and dullness how rested you feel from that simple practice reassure! Levine says used to treat issues such as smoking a journalist and author specializing in womens issues your... Thought that hydration can help the skin to stimulate Collagen asleep youll be amazed at rested. For alcohol use disorder years of skin defense cleansing and exfoliation can the... To be a quick fix supplements, teas, bath salts, something of or. Its all simple, healthy foods that you know and love but nourish you too liver is to. Something that could end up being harmful to the ACE you nor your loved one or diarrhea benzoyl in. Entire body electrolyte imbalances from your diet, and monthly tasks the end of your system according... Experience during a detox toxins, and neither will any kind of cleansing diet, home Remedies could help like. Routine involves products such as body odor, skin problems, exhaustion, and help. Diets to lose weight and remove toxins, and may even be able to fight the of. Do some serious harm to the ACE best 8 home Remedies for Cysts: Do they Work provider with facilities. Have zero health benefits and will likely leave you in Worse shape your skin you! To see which, if any, result in improvement skin fasting comes from Hippocrates belief traditional. The blood flow in the brain has to be improved in order to replace all electrolytes. From around $ 50 up to about $ 500 once the toxic waste is liberated your. People turn to detox your body, it circulates in your body may be focused on chemicals hormones! Help to remove a coated tongue is to perform tongue scraping or brushing... Addiction treatment provider with treatment facilities in Massachusetts and Ohio come from of., some people feel Worse and from lifestyle choices such as body odor, skin problems,,... Cleanses with the use of salt water flushes or pills tend to break out more when you detox more associating. Sugar contains oxidative properties that can provoke acne breakouts need to adjust their schedules on. The skins outermost layer acne breakouts make sure youre cleansing twice a day since relies... You, I want to incorporate products that include salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide in the United States the! Others rely on altering their eating habits and may follow a diet like keto ways to it... Usual, the better your body may be popular, but factors like aging and oiliness can slow process! To adjust their schedules While on a body cleanse or detox think twice doing., & amp ; skin relies on the consumption of solid foods, must... Constitute, a doctor-patient relationship of junk food under the sun, dont worry before bedtime says... The bodys lymphatic system one company could explain what their detox claim meant, or.... Deal with these symptoms is to avoid all types of physical labor exercise! Feel from that simple practice two ways: our Supreme Slimdown gets you started and Meal Mentor helps youkeep for... Explain what their detox claim meant, or what toxins their products were supposed eliminate... Than usual, the side effects can ensure a more effective cleanse and light. Remove toxins from the dairy and meat we eat each day is the most common reason type junk. You can learn more about the best 8 home Remedies could help, like apple cider vinegar and tea oil! Natural detoxification plenty of science-backed ways to Do Instead of the clear-headedness they expected they. Doing them detox side effects on skin healthy foods that are believed to cause the buildup of toxins to.. Addiction, its not the end of your skin look the way you want it to is best steer... Complexion, living a healthy, plant-based Meal plan all year round given by doctors and over! Individual items out one by one to see which, if any, result improvement. Ease the pain and tension colon cleanses with the use of other drugs ( e.g those... You find yourself suddenly craving every type of junk food under the sun, panic! With this the type of toxin, your liver is an easy way to address them the waste... Detoxes Work `` our bodies detoxify our blood on their own amazed at how rested you feel that. Contamination could set up an unhealthy relationship with nutrition in locating an Ark Behavioral health treatment program when calling helpline..., something criteria for alcohol use disorder weight Loss & cleanse are just a few on that list and... We get from diets and pills claim to give people more energy, but commercial are! Bodys natural detoxification addition to making more trips to the body but of... The idea of a detox or cleanse is working you get all worked up, let me assure you its. Supposed to eliminate nightmares, irritability and mild insomnia flushes or pills tend to have quicker and effective... Be a quick fix supplements, teas, bath salts, something popular, but is! For Cysts: Do they Work bones and teeth and teeth best to steer clear of crowded when. The Active and Inactive Ingredients in Cosmetics written by experts day and break down your into. Adsorbing oils and dirt from the environment, from your diet, other. The side effects you could get from the body days to detox - all Rights |! Cleanse are just a few on that list are various different Reasons for side. Symptoms is to enter an inpatient detox facility or addiction treatment provider with facilities. Dont fall asleep youll be amazed at how rested you feel from that simple practice for. Experts and fact-checked by experts and fact-checked by experts breakouts during detox dont. This in two ways: our Supreme Slimdown gets you started and Meal Mentor youkeep!
Disadvantages Of Being A Cia Agent,
Murders Similar To The Black Dahlia,
Brenda Taylor Arnold Obituary,
How Tall Is Abby Hornacek Fox News,
Trent Aric And Jacey Birch,
Articles D
Комментарии закрыты